Our ability to cure common diseases is still in danger due to the creation and spread of resistant bacteria to drugs and have developed new resistance mechanisms. The increasing global development of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria commonly referred to as "resistant bacteria," which cause diseases that cannot be treated with current antimicrobial medications like antibiotics, is particularly concerning.
There are no novel broad-spectrum antibiotics in the clinical pipeline. Only six of the 32 antibiotics that address the WHO list of priority infections that were listed by WHO as being under clinical development in 2019 was considered to be novel. Access to high-quality antimicrobial compounds also continues to be a big problem. All levels of development are being impacted by antibiotic shortages, particularly in healthcare systems.
As medication resistance increases internationally, making diseases harder to cure and ultimately to mortality, antibiotics are becoming less and less effective. According to the WHO priority pathogen list, new antibiotics are urgently needed, for instance, to treat carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. However, these novel medicines will experience the same fate as the present antibiotics and become useless if people do not change the way antibiotics are used currently.
The number of people whose treatment is failing or who pass away from illnesses will rise in the absence of efficient methods for the prevention and sufficient treatment of drug-resistant diseases, as well as enhanced access to current and novel antimicrobials with high levels of quality assurance. Surgery, including cesarean sections or hip replacements, cancer chemotherapy, and organ transplants will all become riskier medical procedures.
AMR develops over time through genetic alterations, typically. The environment, humans, animals, food, plants, and the environment all include antimicrobial-resistant microbes (in water, soil and air). They are contagious both between individuals and humans and animals, as well as through animal-sourced foods. The abuse and overuse of antibiotics, a lack of access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for humans and animals, inadequate infection and illness prevention and control in healthcare settings and farms, a lack of access to high-quality, reasonably priced medications, vaccines, and diagnostics, a lack of awareness and information, and a lack of legal enforcement are the main causes of antimicrobial resistance.
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